Andrea Lucchi - Note di Entomologia Viticola - University press, PISA
Entomologia applicata vol.1
Generalità e mezzi di controllo - di Ermenegildo Tremblay
Learning Objectives
The subjects of the the course is part of the competence delivery for the cultivation, quality and vineyards management. The aim is to provide knowledge of morphology and bio-ethology related to insects and mites damaging the vines and the rational strategies for arthropod control are provided. Particular reference is made to the application of alternative methods to the use of chemicals such as biological and integrated fight and applied biotechnology.
Teaching Methods
Frequency of lectures, practice and lab:
recommended
Teaching tools: movies, insects pests slides, entomological boxes and living insects pests
Type of Assessment
At the end of each module of the program, the teacher will conduct a test of the teaching efficacy through oral questions on the main arguments dealt with in order to highlight any learning problem. The interview has no value for the final evaluation, but it is helpful to the student to estimate the learning level.
The final exam is an oral exam with questions on the general and special parts and on the field and laboratory activities carried out during the training. The interview aims to verify the capacity of reasoning and connecting the knowledge acquired.
Course program
Programma esteso PROGR_EST 15000 Sì Gli artropodi. Elementi di morfologia, ,fisiologia ed etologia degli insetti. Apparati boccali, Sistema nervoso, digerente, respiratorio, circolatorio, escretore, riproduttore, endocrino degli insetti. Morfologia e sviluppo postembrionale, riproduzione e sviluppo. Rapporti tra insetti e altri organismi. Trasmissione di microrganismi patogeni e virus. Cause che favoriscono le pullulazioni dei fitofagi ed il loro controllo Limitatori naturali ed equilibrio biologico. Soglie e criteri d’intervento. Campionamento delle popolazioni. Lotta biologica ed integrata agli artropodi della vite. Insetticidi: generalità, legislazione, modalità d’impiego. Impatto dei prodotti fitosanitari sulle biocenosi: effetti sugli organismi non bersaglio, resistenza, fitofagi indotti. Mezzi complementari di lotta, agronomica, fisica, biotecnologica. Generalità sugli ordini degli insetti. Biologia, dannosità e controllo delle principali specie di interesse economico in viticoltura (ad es. tignole, fillossera, cicaline, cocciniglie, tripidi). Fitofagi minori della vite. Morfologia e anatomia degli acari. Cenni su biologia, ecologia e dannosità degli acari fitofagi della vite. Riferimenti legislativi. Arthropods. Elements of morphology, physiology and ethology of insects. Mouthpieces, Nervous, Digestive, Respiratory, Circulatory, Excretory, Reproductive, Insect Endocrine Disorders. Morphology and post-implant development, reproduction and development. Relationships between insects and other organisms. Transmission of pathogenic microorganisms and viruses. Causes that favor phyto-phagocytosis and their control Natural limiters and biological balance. Thresholds and intervention criteria. Sampling of populations. Biological control and integrated pest mamagment of the vineyard arthropods. Insecticides: generality, legislation, and employment. Impact of plant protection products on biocenosis: effects on non-target organisms, resistance, induced phytopathies. Complementary means of control, agronomic, physical, biotechnological. General information on insect orders. Biology, damage and control of the main types of economic interest in viticulture. Minor phytopaths of the vineyard. Morphology and anatomy of mites. Notes on the biology, ecology, and damage of vine phytophagic mites. Legislative references.